+20 Questions on Proteins
20 multiple choice questions on Proteins, ideal for high school or introductory college biology students. The answers are provided at the end.
Multiple Choice Questions: Proteins
1. What are the building blocks of proteins?
A) Fatty acids
B) Monosaccharides
C) Nucleotides
D) Amino acids
2. How many different amino acids are commonly found in proteins?
A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25
3. Which type of bond links amino acids together?
A) Ionic bond
B) Hydrogen bond
C) Peptide bond
D) Glycosidic bond
4. What type of macromolecule is a protein?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Lipid
C) Nucleic acid
D) Polymer
5. Proteins are made in which cell organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Ribosome
C) Nucleus
D) Lysosome
6. Which of the following is a function of proteins?
A) Storing genetic information
B) Providing insulation
C) Acting as enzymes
D) Storing energy
7. Which of the following is a protein hormone?
A) Estrogen
B) Insulin
C) Testosterone
D) Cholesterol
8. Which element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids?
A) Carbon
B) Hydrogen
C) Nitrogen
D) Oxygen
9. Enzymes are a type of:
A) Lipid
B) Nucleic acid
C) Protein
D) Carbohydrate
10. Which structure represents a fully functioning protein?
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary or Quaternary
D) Denatured
11. What happens when a protein is denatured?
A) It gains energy
B) Its shape changes
C) It becomes a carbohydrate
D) It splits into fatty acids
12. What determines the shape and function of a protein?
A) Type of sugar attached
B) Number of water molecules
C) Sequence of amino acids
D) Amount of oxygen
13. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
A) Transport molecules
B) Store genetic information
C) Act as enzymes
D) Build body structures
14. Which protein carries oxygen in the blood?
A) Myosin
B) Actin
C) Hemoglobin
D) Insulin
15. Which of the following foods is rich in protein?
A) Apples
B) Bread
C) Chicken
D) Olive oil
16. A chain of amino acids is called a:
A) Polysaccharide
B) Nucleotide chain
C) Polypeptide
D) Fatty acid
17. Which protein helps muscles contract?
A) Hemoglobin
B) Keratin
C) Myosin
D) Amylase
18. Which protein is found in skin, hair, and nails?
A) Collagen
B) Keratin
C) Insulin
D) Elastin
19. A protein’s tertiary structure is primarily held together by:
A) Peptide bonds only
B) DNA base pairing
C) Interactions between side chains (R groups)
D) RNA folding
20. Proteins are composed of which elements?
A) C, H, O
B) C, H, O, N
C) C, H, O, P
D) C, H, O, N, S
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Answer Key
1. D) Amino acids
2. C) 20
3. C) Peptide bond
4. D) Polymer
5. B) Ribosome
6. C) Acting as enzymes
7. B) Insulin
8. C) Nitrogen
9. C) Protein
10. C) Tertiary or Quaternary
11. B) Its shape changes
12. C) Sequence of amino acids
13. B) Store genetic information
14. C) Hemoglobin
15. C) Chicken
16. C) Polypeptide
17. C) Myosin
18. B) Keratin
19. C) Interactions between side chains (R groups)
20. D) C, H, O, N, S
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