Questions on RNA Structure and Replication
20 multiple-choice questions (with five alternatives: A–E) on RNA Structure and Replication, followed by the answer key at the end.
Multiple-Choice Questions: RNA Structure and Replication
1. Which sugar is found in RNA?
A) Deoxyribose
B) Glucose
C) Ribose
D) Fructose
E) Lactose
2. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
A) Thymine
B) Adenine
C) Cytosine
D) Uracil
E) Guanine
3. What is the typical structure of RNA?
A) Triple helix
B) Single strand
C) Double strand
D) Circular molecule
E) Sheet-like form
4. RNA is primarily involved in:
A) Replication
B) Photosynthesis
C) Protein synthesis
D) Digestion
E) Cellular respiration
5. Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA?
A) mRNA
B) tRNA
C) rRNA
D) dRNA
E) All of the above are RNA types
6. The process by which RNA is made from DNA is called:
A) Translation
B) Transformation
C) Replication
D) Transcription
E) Duplication
7. Messenger RNA (mRNA) functions to:
A) Carry amino acids
B) Form ribosomes
C) Carry genetic code from DNA to ribosomes
D) Catalyze DNA replication
E) Bind to DNA permanently
8. Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries:
A) Codons
B) Sugars
C) Phosphates
D) Amino acids
E) Ribosomes
9. Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from DNA?
A) DNA polymerase
B) RNA polymerase
C) Ligase
D) Helicase
E) Primase
10. Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleolus
C) Ribosome
D) Nucleus
E) Golgi apparatus
11. Which RNA type makes up the structure of ribosomes?
A) mRNA
B) rRNA
C) tRNA
D) snRNA
E) siRNA
12. Codons are found on which type of RNA?
A) mRNA
B) rRNA
C) tRNA
D) snRNA
E) hnRNA
13. What base does RNA use in place of thymine?
A) Cytosine
B) Adenine
C) Guanine
D) Uracil
E) None
14. RNA replication can occur in some:
A) Eukaryotic nuclei
B) DNA viruses
C) Prokaryotes
D) RNA viruses
E) Ribosomes
15. Which RNA is involved in bringing amino acids to the ribosome during translation?
A) mRNA
B) rRNA
C) tRNA
D) snRNA
E) hnRNA
16. In transcription, the RNA strand is synthesized in what direction?
A) 5’ to 3’
B) 3’ to 5’
C) 3’ to 3’
D) Random direction
E) Depends on the gene
17. The three-letter sequences in mRNA are called:
A) Bases
B) Anticodons
C) Codons
D) Promoters
E) Introns
18. Which of the following is a correct base pairing in RNA?
A) A – T
B) C – G
C) A – U
D) G – T
E) T – U
19. Which process involves reading mRNA to synthesize proteins?
A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Replication
D) Transformation
E) Duplication
20. Before mRNA exits the nucleus in eukaryotes, it must:
A) Bind to tRNA
B) Be translated
C) Be spliced and modified
D) Pair with ribosomes
E) Be degraded
Answer Key:
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. D
11. B
12. A
13. D
14. D
15. C
16. A
17. C
18. C
19. B
20. C
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