+20 Questions on Mitochondria
20 multiple choice questions on Mitochondria, with answers listed at the end.
Multiple Choice Questions: Mitochondria
1. What is the primary function of mitochondria?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Photosynthesis
C) Cellular respiration and energy production
D) Storage of genetic material
2. Mitochondria are often called the “_____ of the cell.”
A) Brain
B) Powerhouse
C) Factory
D) Storage unit
3. Which molecule is produced by mitochondria as the main energy currency of the cell?
A) DNA
B) ATP
C) RNA
D) Glucose
4. Mitochondria have their own:
A) Ribosomes and DNA
B) Lysosomes
C) Cell membrane
D) Golgi apparatus
5. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is folded into structures called:
A) Thylakoids
B) Cristae
C) Vesicles
D) Microtubules
6. Where in the mitochondria does the Krebs cycle take place?
A) Outer membrane
B) Matrix
C) Cristae
D) Cytoplasm
7. Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria?
A) Glycolysis
B) Photosynthesis
C) Electron transport chain
D) Protein synthesis
8. Mitochondria are found in:
A) Only plant cells
B) Only animal cells
C) Both plant and animal cells
D) Only bacterial cells
9. Which gas is used by mitochondria during cellular respiration?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Oxygen
C) Nitrogen
D) Hydrogen
10. What byproduct is produced when mitochondria use oxygen to produce energy?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Glucose
11. The outer membrane of the mitochondria is:
A) Impermeable
B) Highly folded
C) Smooth and permeable to small molecules
D) The site of ATP synthesis
12. The electron transport chain in mitochondria is located in the:
A) Matrix
B) Outer membrane
C) Cristae
D) Cytoplasm
13. Mitochondria are believed to have originated from:
A) Viruses
B) Ancient bacteria through endosymbiosis
C) Fungi
D) The nucleus
14. Which of these components is NOT found in mitochondria?
A) DNA
B) Ribosomes
C) Chlorophyll
D) Enzymes for cellular respiration
15. How many membranes does a mitochondrion have?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
16. Which molecule enters the mitochondria to be broken down during respiration?
A) Oxygen
B) Glucose
C) ATP
D) Carbon dioxide
17. The process of making ATP using the energy released by electrons moving through the electron transport chain is called:
A) Glycolysis
B) Chemiosmosis
C) Photosynthesis
D) Fermentation
18. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited mostly from:
A) The father
B) Both parents equally
C) The mother
D) Random sources
19. Which of these is NOT a function of mitochondria?
A) Producing ATP
B) Storing genetic information
C) Photosynthesis
D) Regulating cellular metabolism
20. Mitochondria help regulate:
A) Cell division
B) Cell death (apoptosis)
C) Protein folding
D) DNA replication
Answer Key
1. C) Cellular respiration and energy production
2. B) Powerhouse
3. B) ATP
4. A) Ribosomes and DNA
5. B) Cristae
6. B) Matrix
7. C) Electron transport chain
8. C) Both plant and animal cells
9. B) Oxygen
10. B) Carbon dioxide
11. C) Smooth and permeable to small molecules
12. C) Cristae
13. B) Ancient bacteria through endosymbiosis
14. C) Chlorophyll
15. B) Two
16. B) Glucose
17. B) Chemiosmosis
18. C) The mother
19. C) Photosynthesis
20. B) Cell death (apoptosis)
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