Questions on Cell Structure
20 multiple choice questions on Cell Structure, with the answers listed at the end.
Multiple Choice Questions: Cell Structure
1. What is the outer boundary of an animal cell called?
A) Cell wall
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nucleus
2. Which organelle contains the cell’s genetic material?
A) Ribosome
B) Nucleus
C) Mitochondria
D) Golgi apparatus
3. What part of the cell is responsible for producing proteins?
A) Lysosome
B) Ribosome
C) Endoplasmic reticulum
D) Mitochondria
4. Which organelle breaks down waste materials and cellular debris?
A) Lysosome
B) Chloroplast
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Ribosome
5. What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell that surrounds organelles?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Cytoskeleton
C) Cell membrane
D) Vacuole
6. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport?
A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Lysosome
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Mitochondria
7. What structure provides support and shape to plant cells but is absent in animal cells?
A) Cell membrane
B) Cell wall
C) Cytoplasm
D) Chloroplast
8. Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration?
A) Nucleus
B) Chloroplast
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosome
9. What organelle is involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification?
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Lysosome
10. Which of the following is found in prokaryotic cells?
A) Nucleus
B) Ribosomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Chloroplasts
11. Which part of the nucleus controls what goes in and out?
A) Nuclear membrane
B) Nucleolus
C) Chromatin
D) Cytoplasm
12. What is the function of the nucleolus?
A) Store DNA
B) Produce ribosomes
C) Package proteins
D) Break down waste
13. What is the network of fibers that gives the cell its shape and helps with movement?
A) Cytoskeleton
B) Cytoplasm
C) Cell wall
D) Vacuole
14. Which organelle contains enzymes that digest excess or worn-out organelles?
A) Lysosome
B) Ribosome
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Mitochondria
15. Which structure regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell?
A) Cell membrane
B) Cell wall
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nuclear membrane
16. What are the small structures where proteins are assembled?
A) Ribosomes
B) Lysosomes
C) Mitochondria
D) Golgi bodies
17. What organelle captures energy from sunlight to make food in plant cells?
A) Chloroplast
B) Mitochondria
C) Vacuole
D) Nucleus
18. What is the fluid inside the nucleus called?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleoplasm
C) Matrix
D) Cytosol
19. Which organelle is responsible for transporting proteins within the cell?
A) Golgi apparatus
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Ribosome
D) Lysosome
20. What structure in plant cells stores water, nutrients, and waste?
A) Vacuole
B) Lysosome
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Cell wall
Answer Key
1. B) Cell membrane
2. B) Nucleus
3. B) Ribosome
4. A) Lysosome
5. A) Cytoplasm
6. C) Golgi apparatus
7. B) Cell wall
8. C) Mitochondria
9. B) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
10. B) Ribosomes
11. A) Nuclear membrane
12. B) Produce ribosomes
13. A) Cytoskeleton
14. A) Lysosome
15. A) Cell membrane
16. A) Ribosomes
17. A) Chloroplast
18. B) Nucleoplasm
19. B) Endoplasmic reticulum
20. A) Vacuole
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