Questions About Food and Nutrients (Digestive System)
Multiple-Choice Questions: Food and Nutrients (Digestive System)
1. Which of the following is the main function of the digestive system?
A) Pump blood
B) Produce hormones
C) Break down food and absorb nutrients
D) Filter toxins
E) Store oxygen
2. Which of these nutrients is primarily responsible for building and repairing body tissues?
A) Carbohydrates
B) Fats
C) Proteins
D) Vitamins
E) Water
3. Where does most nutrient absorption occur in the digestive system?
A) Stomach
B) Large intestine
C) Esophagus
D) Small intestine
E) Mouth
4. Which of these nutrients provides the quickest source of energy?
A) Proteins
B) Fats
C) Carbohydrates
D) Minerals
E) Fiber
5. What enzyme begins the digestion of carbohydrates in the mouth?
A) Pepsin
B) Lipase
C) Amylase
D) Trypsin
E) Maltase
6. Which of the following is not considered a macronutrient?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Vitamin
C) Protein
D) Fat
E) Water
7. What organ produces bile to help digest fats?
A) Pancreas
B) Gallbladder
C) Liver
D) Stomach
E) Small intestine
8. Which vitamin is primarily involved in blood clotting?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D
E) Vitamin K
9. Which mineral is essential for strong bones and teeth?
A) Iron
B) Sodium
C) Calcium
D) Zinc
E) Magnesium
10. What type of nutrient is fiber classified as?
A) Protein
B) Carbohydrate
C) Fat
D) Mineral
E) Vitamin
11. Which of the following is NOT a function of water in the human body?
A) Transporting nutrients
B) Regulating body temperature
C) Building muscle tissue
D) Eliminating waste
E) Lubricating joints
12. Which organ is responsible for producing digestive enzymes like amylase, lipase, and trypsin?
A) Liver
B) Gallbladder
C) Pancreas
D) Small intestine
E) Esophagus
13. Which nutrient is most energy-dense, providing the most calories per gram?
A) Protein
B) Carbohydrate
C) Fat
D) Water
E) Vitamin
14. Which type of fat is considered the healthiest for the heart?
A) Saturated fat
B) Trans fat
C) Polyunsaturated fat
D) Cholesterol
E) Hydrogenated fat
15. Which part of the digestive system stores bile?
A) Liver
B) Gallbladder
C) Pancreas
D) Stomach
E) Duodenum
16. Which nutrient is necessary for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)?
A) Water
B) Fiber
C) Fat
D) Carbohydrate
E) Protein
17. What is the name of the muscular movement that pushes food through the digestive tract?
A) Contraction
B) Absorption
C) Peristalsis
D) Secretion
E) Diffusion
18. Which of the following vitamins is water-soluble?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin C
E) Vitamin K
19. What organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying harmful substances and metabolizing nutrients?
A) Small intestine
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Kidney
E) Stomach
20. Which of these is a function of the large intestine?
A) Digesting proteins
B) Absorbing most nutrients
C) Breaking down sugars
D) Absorbing water and forming feces
E) Producing insulin
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Answers with Explanations
1. C – The digestive system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients for use by the body.
2. C – Proteins are vital for tissue growth and repair.
3. D – The small intestine is the main site for nutrient absorption.
4. C – Carbohydrates provide quick energy by being rapidly converted to glucose.
5. C – Salivary amylase breaks down starches in the mouth.
6. B – Vitamins are micronutrients; macronutrients include carbs, proteins, fats, and water.
7. C – The liver produces bile, which emulsifies fats.
8. E – Vitamin K is crucial for the blood clotting process.
9. C – Calcium is essential for bone strength and formation.
10. B – Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that is not digested but aids in digestion.
11. C – Water helps with many body functions but does not build muscle.
12. C – The pancreas secretes enzymes like amylase, lipase, and trypsin.
13. C – Fats provide 9 calories/gram, more than proteins or carbohydrates (4 cal/g each).
14. C – Polyunsaturated fats are beneficial for heart health.
15. B – The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile.
16. C – Fat is necessary for absorbing fat-soluble vitamins.
17. C – Peristalsis refers to the muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
18. D – Vitamin C is water-soluble and not stored in the body.
19. B – The liver detoxifies substances and metabolizes nutrients.
20. D – The large intestine absorbs water and helps form and expel feces.
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