Questions on Formation of Earth – First Cell
Multiple-Choice Questions: Formation of Earth – First Cell
1. What is considered the simplest form of life and the first cell?
A) Eukaryotic cell
B) Virus
C) Prokaryotic cell
D) Multicellular organism
E) Fungal cell
2. Which type of cell appeared first on Earth?
A) Animal cells
B) Plant cells
C) Prokaryotic cells
D) Eukaryotic cells
E) Fungal cells
3. What molecule is believed to have carried genetic information in the earliest cells?
A) DNA
B) Protein
C) RNA
D) Lipids
E) Carbohydrates
4. The theory that early cells formed from self-replicating RNA molecules is called:
A) DNA world hypothesis
B) Protein world hypothesis
C) RNA world hypothesis
D) Lipid world hypothesis
E) Metabolism-first hypothesis
5. What is the main characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
A) Presence of a nucleus
B) Membrane-bound organelles
C) Lack of a nucleus
D) Multicellularity
E) Photosynthesis
6. Which structure likely formed the boundary of the first primitive cells?
A) Protein shell
B) Cell wall
C) Lipid bilayer membrane
D) Carbohydrate layer
E) DNA sheath
7. Which process is essential for the first cells to reproduce?
A) Binary fission
B) Mitosis
C) Meiosis
D) Budding
E) Fragmentation
8. What role did hydrothermal vents likely play in the origin of the first cells?
A) Provided oxygen for respiration
B) Supplied heat and minerals that helped form organic molecules
C) Created the ozone layer
D) Removed carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
E) Produced ultraviolet light
9. What is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A) Only prokaryotes have DNA
B) Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not
C) Prokaryotes can perform photosynthesis, eukaryotes cannot
D) Only eukaryotes can reproduce
E) Prokaryotes are always multicellular
10. Which organic molecules are thought to have formed the earliest cell membranes?
A) Proteins
B) Carbohydrates
C) Lipids
D) Nucleic acids
E) ATP
11. Which is NOT a characteristic of the first cells?
A) Ability to metabolize
B) Presence of DNA
C) Ability to reproduce
D) Presence of a nucleus
E) Containment within a membrane
12. What term describes a cell’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment?
A) Metabolism
B) Homeostasis
C) Photosynthesis
D) Diffusion
E) Respiration
13. Which scientist proposed that life could have arisen from nonliving matter through gradual chemical evolution?
A) Louis Pasteur
B) Alexander Oparin
C) Robert Koch
D) Gregor Mendel
E) Rosalind Franklin
14. What is the significance of ribozymes in early cell formation?
A) They store energy
B) They act as catalysts for chemical reactions
C) They form cell membranes
D) They carry oxygen
E) They replicate DNA
15. Which environment is considered a potential site for the origin of the first cells?
A) Deep ocean hydrothermal vents
B) Arctic ice sheets
C) Mountain tops
D) Deserts
E) Upper atmosphere
16. What is the main function of the cell membrane in primitive cells?
A) Store genetic information
B) Provide structural support
C) Regulate movement of substances in and out of the cell
D) Produce energy
E) Replicate RNA
17. Which is the primary energy source thought to drive early cellular metabolism?
A) Sunlight
B) ATP
C) Chemical energy from inorganic molecules
D) Oxygen respiration
E) Glucose
18. What was likely NOT present in the first cells?
A) Ribosomes
B) DNA
C) Nucleus
D) Cell membrane
E) RNA
19. Which of these processes is considered a key step in the evolution of the first cell?
A) Formation of a protective membrane
B) Development of multicellularity
C) Appearance of chloroplasts
D) Formation of mitochondria
E) Development of bones
20. What term describes the first living organisms on Earth?
A) Eukaryotes
B) Prokaryotes
C) Viruses
D) Archaea and Bacteria
E) Algae
Answer Key
1. C
2. C
3. C
4. C
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. C
11. D
12. B
13. B
14. B
15. A
16. C
17. C
18. C
19. A
20. D
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