Questions on Predation (Ecological Relations)
Multiple-Choice Questions: Predation in Ecological Relations
1. What best defines predation in ecology?
A) Both species benefit
B) One species feeds on another, which is harmed
C) Both species are harmed
D) One species lives inside another without harming it
E) Species compete for the same resource
2. Which term describes the species that hunts and kills another in predation?
A) Prey
B) Parasite
C) Predator
D) Competitor
E) Host
3. What term is used for the species that is eaten or killed in predation?
A) Predator
B) Prey
C) Parasite
D) Mutualist
E) Scavenger
4. Which of the following is not an example of predation?
A) Lion hunting a zebra
B) Hawk catching a mouse
C) Tapeworm living in a mammal's intestine
D) Spider catching an insect in its web
E) Frog eating a fly
5. Which of these is a predator adaptation?
A) Camouflage to blend into the environment
B) Bright colors to attract mates
C) Large leaves to capture sunlight
D) Deep roots to access water
E) Hard shells for protection
6. Which of the following is a common prey defense against predation?
A) Venomous bite
B) Speed and agility
C) Chemical toxins
D) Camouflage
E) All of the above
7. What kind of relationship is predation classified as?
A) Mutualism (+/+)
B) Commensalism (+/0)
C) Parasitism (+/-)
D) Exploitative interaction (+/-)
E) Competition (-/-)
8. In a predator-prey relationship, what usually happens to the prey population when predator numbers increase?
A) It increases
B) It stays the same
C) It decreases
D) It becomes extinct immediately
E) It becomes more diverse
9. What effect does predation often have on the evolution of prey species?
A) No effect
B) Causes prey to become slower
C) Leads to adaptations like camouflage or mimicry
D) Makes prey more visible
E) Causes prey to increase in size
10. Which of the following is an example of mimicry used to avoid predation?
A) A harmless butterfly mimics the coloration of a toxic butterfly
B) A predator hunting at night
C) Prey animals living in groups
D) Predator ambush tactics
E) Plants growing thorns
11. What is aposematism?
A) The ability to move quickly
B) Warning coloration to deter predators
C) Living in groups for protection
D) Camouflaging to blend in
E) Using toxins to kill prey
12. Which term describes the predator's hunting strategy of waiting motionless and ambushing prey?
A) Pursuit hunting
B) Ambush predation
C) Cooperative hunting
D) Scavenging
E) Herbivory
13. How can predation regulate ecosystems?
A) By controlling prey populations
B) By increasing prey numbers
C) By creating new habitats
D) By eliminating all prey species
E) By increasing competition
14. Which of these animals is known for cooperative hunting?
A) Solitary tiger
B) African wild dogs
C) Hawks
D) Spiders
E) Snakes
15. What is predator satiation?
A) Prey becoming poisonous
B) When prey reproduce in large numbers to overwhelm predators
C) When predators eat too much and become slow
D) Prey hiding in groups
E) Predators switching to plants for food
16. How does predation pressure influence prey behavior?
A) Prey may avoid open areas
B) Prey become more active during the day
C) Prey stop eating
D) Prey increase their size drastically
E) Prey build shelters underwater
17. What role do scavengers play in relation to predation?
A) They kill prey directly
B) They consume dead animals left by predators
C) They avoid predators completely
D) They compete with plants for resources
E) They live exclusively on plants
18. Which of the following is an example of a predator-prey cycle?
A) Rabbit and grass
B) Fox and rabbit
C) Bee and flower
D) Bacteria and mushroom
E) Coral and algae
19. Which adaptation helps prey escape predators in water?
A) Bright coloration
B) Rapid swimming
C) Loud calls
D) Building nests
E) Producing nectar
20. Why might predators target sick or weak individuals in a population?
A) They are easier to catch
B) They are tastier
C) To protect the sick from others
D) To increase prey numbers
E) Because they cannot see healthy prey
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Answer Key with Explanations
1. B – Predation involves one species (the predator) feeding on another (the prey), which is harmed or killed.
2. C – The predator is the species hunting or killing another.
3. B – The prey is the species being hunted or eaten.
4. C – Tapeworms are parasites, not predators.
5. A – Camouflage helps predators sneak up on prey.
6. E – Speed, toxins, and camouflage are common prey defenses.
7. D – Predation is an exploitative (+/-) interaction; one benefits, the other is harmed.
8. C – More predators typically reduce prey population numbers.
9. C – Predation drives prey adaptations like camouflage and mimicry for survival.
10. A – Mimicry where harmless species resemble harmful ones deters predators.
11. B – Aposematism is warning coloration signaling toxicity or danger.
12. B – Ambush predators wait motionless to catch prey by surprise.
13. A – Predation helps regulate prey populations, maintaining ecosystem balance.
14. B – African wild dogs hunt cooperatively in packs.
15. B – Predator satiation occurs when prey reproduce in overwhelming numbers, reducing individual risk.
16. A – Prey often avoid exposed areas to reduce predation risk.
17. B – Scavengers clean up remains left by predators, recycling nutrients.
18. B – Fox and rabbit populations often show cyclical predator-prey dynamics.
19. B – Rapid swimming helps aquatic prey evade predators.
20. A – Sick or weak prey are easier for predators to catch, often targeted first.
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