Questions on Sponges (Animal Kingdom)
Sponges (Animal Kingdom) – Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Sponges belong to which phylum?
A) Cnidaria
B) Mollusca
C) Annelida
D) Porifera
E) Echinodermata
2. What type of body symmetry do most adult sponges exhibit?
A) Bilateral
B) Radial
C) Asymmetrical
D) Spherical
E) Spiral
3. Sponges primarily feed by:
A) Grazing
B) Engulfing prey
C) Photosynthesis
D) Filter feeding
E) Absorbing nutrients through skin
4. Which of the following structures in sponges helps create water currents?
A) Amoebocytes
B) Pinacocytes
C) Spicules
D) Choanocytes
E) Spongin
5. The skeletal structure of a sponge is made up of:
A) Bone and cartilage
B) Chitin
C) Calcium carbonate or silica
D) Keratin
E) Collagen
6. Spicules in sponges are used for:
A) Locomotion
B) Reproduction
C) Defense and support
D) Digestion
E) Photosynthesis
7. Sponges reproduce:
A) Only asexually
B) Only sexually
C) Both sexually and asexually
D) By binary fission
E) By budding only
8. What is the main function of the osculum in sponges?
A) Capturing food
B) Expelling water
C) Reproduction
D) Absorbing nutrients
E) Anchoring to surfaces
9. Which of the following is true of all sponges?
A) They have nerves and muscles
B) They are motile as adults
C) They are multicellular and lack true tissues
D) They have a coelom
E) They possess a digestive tract
10. Which cell type in sponges is responsible for digestion and nutrient transport?
A) Choanocyte
B) Amoebocyte
C) Pinacocyte
D) Porocyte
E) Spicule
11. Most sponges are found:
A) In freshwater lakes only
B) Attached to trees
C) In marine environments
D) Floating in open water
E) Inside other animals
12. What is the gelatinous matrix within a sponge’s body called?
A) Spicule
B) Coelom
C) Mesohyl
D) Blastocoel
E) Mesoderm
13. How do sponges obtain oxygen?
A) Through lungs
B) Gills
C) Diffusion through body surfaces
D) Through pores called spiracles
E) Using choanocytes
14. What is the function of porocytes in sponges?
A) Reproduction
B) Digestion
C) Allowing water to enter
D) Defense
E) Locomotion
15. Which class of sponges is composed of spicules made of calcium carbonate?
A) Demospongiae
B) Hexactinellida
C) Calcarea
D) Silicospongiae
E) Radiata
16. Sponges are considered:
A) Protostomes
B) Deuterostomes
C) Diploblastic animals
D) Acoelomate animals
E) Parazoans
17. What is the term for sponge larvae that are motile?
A) Planula
B) Trochophore
C) Amphiblastula
D) Blastula
E) Polyp
18. Which type of sponge body plan is the simplest?
A) Leuconoid
B) Syconoid
C) Asconoid
D) Radialoid
E) Diplonoid
19. Which of the following is NOT a function of amoebocytes in sponges?
A) Transporting nutrients
B) Secreting spicules
C) Producing gametes
D) Creating water currents
E) Aiding in repair
20. Which class includes the majority of sponges?
A) Calcarea
B) Demospongiae
C) Hexactinellida
D) Radiata
E) Placozoa
21. What feature distinguishes Hexactinellida sponges?
A) Lack of spicules
B) Glass-like spicules made of silica
C) Amphiblastula larvae
D) Presence of spongin
E) Colonial reproduction
22. What kind of tissue layers do sponges have?
A) Endoderm and ectoderm
B) Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
C) One undifferentiated layer
D) Two tissue layers with a coelom
E) No true tissues
23. The primary mode of locomotion for sponge larvae is:
A) Cilia
B) Flagella
C) Pseudopodia
D) Muscular contractions
E) None—they are stationary
24. Sponges are considered animals because they:
A) Have tissues and organs
B) Are photosynthetic
C) Are multicellular heterotrophs
D) Are motile as adults
E) Have a nervous system
25. Which of the following is a common asexual reproductive method in sponges?
A) Internal fertilization
B) Fragmentation
C) Budding
D) Binary fission
E) Conjugation
26. What term describes sponges’ ability to reform from fragments?
A) Budding
B) Totipotency
C) Regeneration
D) Autotomy
E) Dedifferentiation
27. What determines the classification of sponges into classes?
A) Size and color
B) Shape of osculum
C) Composition of spicules
D) Location
E) Type of prey
28. Which body plan allows the greatest size and complexity in sponges?
A) Asconoid
B) Syconoid
C) Leuconoid
D) Amoeboid
E) Hexactoid
29. Which of the following is true about sponge sexual reproduction?
A) Sponges reproduce only through gamete fusion with external fertilization.
B) Sponges release sperm but retain eggs internally.
C) Sponges are only female.
D) Sponges reproduce sexually only in freshwater.
E) They do not have gametes.
30. Why are sponges considered basal animals?
A) They are extinct
B) They are more plantlike than animal
C) They possess complex organ systems
D) They were the first to evolve among animals
E) They evolved from fungi
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Answers with Explanations
1. D – Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera.
2. C – Most adult sponges are asymmetrical.
3. D – Sponges are filter feeders.
4. D – Choanocytes use flagella to create water currents.
5. C – Sponge skeletons may be made of calcium carbonate or silica.
6. C – Spicules provide defense and structural support.
7. C – Sponges reproduce both sexually and asexually.
8. B – The osculum is the main opening where water exits.
9. C – Sponges are multicellular but lack true tissues.
10. B – Amoebocytes digest food and distribute nutrients.
11. C – Most sponges live in saltwater environments.
12. C – The mesohyl is a jelly-like matrix inside sponges.
13. C – Gas exchange in sponges occurs through simple diffusion.
14. C – Porocytes form pores for water entry.
15. C – Calcarea have calcium carbonate spicules.
16. E – Sponges are parazoans (animals without true tissues).
17. C – Amphiblastula is a motile larval form of sponges.
18. C – Asconoid is the simplest sponge body type.
19. D – Creating water currents is done by choanocytes, not amoebocytes.
20. B – Demospongiae includes most sponge species.
21. B – Hexactinellida (glass sponges) have silica spicules.
22. E – Sponges have no true tissue layers.
23. A – Sponge larvae use cilia for movement.
24. C – Sponges are heterotrophic and multicellular, defining animal traits.
25. C – Asexual budding is common in sponges.
26. C – Regeneration allows sponges to re-form from fragments.
27. C – Sponge classes are based on spicule composition.
28. C – Leuconoid body type supports larger, more complex sponges.
29. B – Sponges retain eggs and release sperm, allowing internal fertilization.
30. D – Sponges are among the earliest evolved animals.
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