Questions on Biotechnology Applications
20 multiple-choice questions (with five answer choices: A–E) about Biotechnology Applications, followed by the answer key at the end:
Multiple-Choice Questions: Biotechnology Applications
1. Which of the following is an application of biotechnology in agriculture?
A) In vitro fertilization
B) Genetically modified crops
C) Artificial insemination
D) Chemotherapy
E) Blood transfusion
2. Bt cotton is genetically engineered to be resistant to:
A) Herbicides
B) Fungal infections
C) Insect pests
D) Drought
E) Soil erosion
3. Which of the following techniques is used to amplify DNA?
A) CRISPR
B) PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
C) Gel electrophoresis
D) DNA sequencing
E) Northern blotting
4. Golden Rice is genetically engineered to produce:
A) Iron
B) Vitamin C
C) Beta-carotene (Vitamin A precursor)
D) Folic acid
E) Protein
5. Which enzyme is used in PCR to replicate DNA at high temperatures?
A) DNA ligase
B) RNA polymerase
C) Taq polymerase
D) DNA helicase
E) Restriction enzyme
6. Gene therapy is primarily used to:
A) Clone animals
B) Modify bacterial DNA
C) Treat genetic disorders
D) Produce vaccines
E) Store DNA
7. Which of the following is a medical application of biotechnology?
A) Bioremediation
B) Cloning
C) Production of insulin using recombinant DNA
D) Use of herbicides
E) Artificial selection
8. The CRISPR-Cas9 system is used in biotechnology for:
A) DNA fingerprinting
B) Gene editing
C) RNA translation
D) Enzyme production
E) Cloning
9. What is the primary purpose of DNA fingerprinting?
A) Treating diseases
B) Generating electricity
C) Identifying individuals
D) Modifying crops
E) Detecting hormones
10. Bioremediation refers to:
A) Genetically modifying humans
B) Using organisms to clean up pollutants
C) Enhancing athletic performance
D) Growing crops indoors
E) Making cheese
11. Which product is made using recombinant DNA technology?
A) Ethanol
B) Cheese
C) Human insulin
D) Penicillin
E) Yogurt
12. Transgenic animals are used in biotechnology primarily for:
A) Warfare
B) Food preservation
C) Producing pharmaceuticals
D) Hunting
E) Pest control
13. Which of the following is not typically a goal of biotechnology in agriculture?
A) Increase yield
B) Enhance nutritional value
C) Reduce pesticide use
D) Slow plant growth
E) Improve resistance to disease
14. Which method separates DNA fragments by size?
A) ELISA
B) PCR
C) Cloning
D) Gel electrophoresis
E) Northern blotting
15. The term 'genetically modified organism' (GMO) refers to:
A) Only plants
B) Only bacteria
C) Any organism with altered DNA
D) Only cloned animals
E) Any organism that produces enzymes
16. Which of the following is a benefit of biotechnology in food production?
A) Causes more food spoilage
B) Introduces harmful pathogens
C) Enhances shelf life and nutrition
D) Eliminates the need for water
E) Slows down growth
17. Which biotechnology application can be used to detect COVID-19?
A) Micropropagation
B) DNA fingerprinting
C) RT-PCR
D) Insulin production
E) Recombinant vaccines
18. Which of these is a bioethical issue related to biotechnology?
A) Speed of internet
B) Use of fertilizers
C) Genetic privacy
D) Cost of machinery
E) Deforestation
19. Which microorganism is commonly used in biotechnology to produce insulin?
A) Streptococcus
B) E. coli
C) Lactobacillus
D) Rhizobium
E) Pseudomonas
20. Which biotechnology tool can silence specific genes?
A) Western blot
B) RNA interference (RNAi)
C) DNA ligase
D) Electroporation
E) Biolistics
Answer Key:
1. B
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. B
11. C
12. C
13. D
14. D
15. C
16. C
17. C
18. C
19. B
20. B
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