Questions on Genetic Linkage
Multiple-Choice Questions: Genetic Linkage
1. What is genetic linkage?
A) Independent inheritance of genes
B) Inheritance of traits due to mutations
C) Tendency of genes located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together
D) Crossing-over of chromosomes
E) Exchange of genes between species
2. Genes that are located on the same chromosome are said to be:
A) Co-dominant
B) Recessive
C) Linked
D) Allelic
E) Unlinked
3. The closer two genes are on a chromosome, the:
A) More likely they are to mutate
B) More likely they are to undergo crossing-over
C) More likely they are to assort independently
D) Greater the chance they will be linked
E) Less likely they are to be inherited together
4. What process can break genetic linkage?
A) Mitosis
B) Replication
C) Transcription
D) Crossing-over during meiosis
E) Translation
5. What is a linkage map?
A) A diagram showing the stages of meiosis
B) A chart showing how traits are inherited
C) A physical map of chromosomes
D) A genetic map that shows the relative positions of genes based on recombination frequency
E) A family pedigree
6. Recombination frequency is used to:
A) Determine DNA sequences
B) Clone genes
C) Measure the distance between genes on a chromosome
D) Analyze protein expression
E) Determine the number of chromosomes
7. Recombination frequency is measured in:
A) Nanometers
B) Kilobases
C) Morgan units
D) Centimorgans
E) Megabases
8. A recombination frequency of 1% corresponds to:
A) 0.1 centimorgan
B) 1 centimorgan
C) 10 centimorgans
D) 100 centimorgans
E) 1000 base pairs
9. Which pair of genes is most likely to show linkage?
A) Genes on different chromosomes
B) Genes on the same chromosome far apart
C) Genes on the same chromosome close together
D) Genes on sex chromosomes
E) Genes with similar phenotypes
10. What does a recombination frequency greater than 50% indicate?
A) Genes are very close together
B) Genes are unlinked or on different chromosomes
C) Genes are located in the centromere
D) A mutation has occurred
E) The genes are lethal when combined
11. Who discovered the concept of genetic linkage?
A) Gregor Mendel
B) Thomas Hunt Morgan
C) Rosalind Franklin
D) James Watson
E) Barbara McClintock
12. Genetic linkage violates which of Mendel’s laws?
A) Law of Segregation
B) Law of Dominance
C) Law of Independent Assortment
D) Law of Mutation
E) Law of Inheritance
13. Which organism was used in Morgan’s experiments on genetic linkage?
A) Pea plant
B) Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)
C) Mouse
D) Yeast
E) Bacterium
14. Which of the following statements is true about linked genes?
A) They always assort independently
B) They are never separated by crossing-over
C) They are inherited together more often than not
D) They always cause mutations
E) They are found only on autosomes
15. What increases the chance of recombination between two genes?
A) Being close together
B) Being far apart on the same chromosome
C) Being on different chromosomes
D) Being dominant
E) Being in mitochondrial DNA
16. What term is used to describe offspring with new combinations of traits not seen in either parent due to crossing-over?
A) Homozygotes
B) Heterozygotes
C) Recombinants
D) Mutants
E) Duplicates
17. Which best describes a genetic map unit (m.u.)?
A) 10 base pairs
B) 1% recombination frequency
C) 100% recombination frequency
D) Number of dominant alleles
E) Sequence of RNA bases
18. If two genes are 10 cM apart, what is the expected recombination frequency?
A) 0%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 50%
E) 100%
19. If recombination between two genes is rarely observed, it likely means:
A) The genes are unlinked
B) The genes are on different chromosomes
C) The genes are very far apart
D) The genes are close together
E) The genes are non-functional
20. Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting genetic linkage?
A) Distance between genes
B) Chromosome location
C) Recombination rate
D) Whether the genes are dominant or recessive
E) Presence of crossing-over hotspots
Answer Key
1. C
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. D
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. B
14. C
15. B
16. C
17. B
18. C
19. D
20. D
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