Questions on Gene Expression
Multiple Choice Questions: Gene Expression
1. What is gene expression?
A) Copying RNA into DNA
B) The process of DNA replication
C) The conversion of genetic information into proteins
D) The removal of introns from DNA
E) The synthesis of DNA from proteins
2. Which two main processes are involved in gene expression?
A) Translation and replication
B) Transcription and replication
C) Transcription and translation
D) Replication and duplication
E) Translation and transformation
3. Where does transcription occur in eukaryotic cells?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleus
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosomes
E) Golgi apparatus
4. What enzyme is primarily responsible for transcription?
A) DNA polymerase
B) Ligase
C) RNA polymerase
D) Helicase
E) Primase
5. What is produced during transcription?
A) DNA strand
B) Protein
C) tRNA
D) mRNA
E) Ribosome
6. Which structure is the site of translation?
A) Nucleus
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosome
E) Nucleolus
7. What molecule carries amino acids to the ribosome?
A) DNA
B) mRNA
C) tRNA
D) rRNA
E) Enzyme
8. Which part of the gene is transcribed into RNA?
A) Promoter
B) Exons
C) Introns
D) Enhancer
E) Operator
9. What is the function of a promoter in gene expression?
A) Stops transcription
B) Binds repressors
C) Signals RNA polymerase where to begin
D) Translates proteins
E) Cuts introns
10. Which of the following is NOT part of gene regulation in eukaryotes?
A) Operon
B) Enhancer
C) Silencer
D) Promoter
E) Transcription factor
11. In prokaryotes, genes are often organized into:
A) Plasmids
B) Operons
C) Nucleoids
D) Chromatin
E) Spliceosomes
12. Which of the following represents post-transcriptional regulation?
A) DNA methylation
B) mRNA splicing
C) Promoter binding
D) Histone acetylation
E) Codon recognition
13. What happens to introns during mRNA processing?
A) They are translated
B) They are duplicated
C) They are spliced out
D) They are enhanced
E) They are converted into tRNA
14. The lac operon in bacteria is an example of:
A) DNA replication
B) Protein synthesis
C) Gene repression
D) Transcription termination
E) Gene regulation
15. Which molecule binds to the repressor in the lac operon to allow gene expression?
A) Lactose
B) Glucose
C) cAMP
D) RNA polymerase
E) DNA
16. What is an operon?
A) A eukaryotic gene
B) A regulatory protein
C) A group of genes with a single promoter
D) A DNA repair site
E) An RNA molecule
17. Which of the following regulates gene expression by binding to DNA and assisting RNA polymerase?
A) Ribosome
B) Ligase
C) Transcription factor
D) mRNA
E) Spliceosome
18. Which term refers to genes being turned “off” by a repressor?
A) Repression
B) Activation
C) Translation
D) Transduction
E) Replication
19. Which modification can increase gene expression by loosening DNA-histone interaction?
A) DNA methylation
B) RNA editing
C) Histone acetylation
D) Splicing
E) Codon optimization
20. Which type of RNA is involved in gene silencing?
A) mRNA
B) tRNA
C) rRNA
D) siRNA
E) snRNA
Answer Key:
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. D
6. D
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. C
14. E
15. A
16. C
17. C
18. A
19. C
20. D
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