Questions on Plant Adaptations
Multiple-Choice Questions: Plant Adaptations
1. What is a common adaptation of desert plants to reduce water loss?
A) Broad leaves
B) Shallow roots
C) Stomata on upper surface only
D) Thick cuticle
E) High transpiration rate
2. Which plant feature helps aquatic plants float on the water surface?
A) Dense vascular tissue
B) Heavy seeds
C) Air-filled tissues (aerenchyma)
D) Thick bark
E) Needle-like leaves
3. Cacti are able to survive in deserts primarily because they:
A) Perform respiration only at night
B) Have deep taproots only
C) Store water in their leaves
D) Store water in their stems
E) Have large flowers
4. Which adaptation is typical of plants in the tundra biome?
A) Tall growth
B) Deep roots
C) Brightly colored fruits
D) Small leaves and low stature
E) Large stomatal openings
5. Halophytes are plants adapted to:
A) Cold temperatures
B) Low sunlight
C) High salt concentrations
D) High altitudes
E) Acidic soils
6. Which of the following is a xerophytic adaptation?
A) Thin epidermis
B) Large, flat leaves
C) Waxy coating
D) Open stomata during the day
E) Lack of vascular tissue
7. In tropical rainforests, some plants develop drip tips on their leaves. What is their function?
A) Prevent insect damage
B) Reduce water loss
C) Improve seed dispersal
D) Channel water off leaves
E) Increase photosynthesis
8. Carnivorous plants like the Venus flytrap evolved as an adaptation to:
A) Desert environments
B) High temperatures
C) Low nutrient soils
D) Cold climates
E) Deep water
9. An example of structural adaptation in climbing plants is:
A) CAM photosynthesis
B) Mycorrhizal associations
C) Thorns
D) Tendrils
E) Leaf drop
10. In mangrove trees, the presence of pneumatophores helps with:
A) Salt absorption
B) Water storage
C) Reproduction
D) Gas exchange in waterlogged soil
E) Defense against herbivores
11. Epiphytes survive by:
A) Extracting nutrients from host tissues
B) Rooting in deep soil
C) Growing on other plants without harming them
D) Photosynthesizing only at night
E) Absorbing nutrients from animals
12. A plant adaptation for pollination by wind includes:
A) Brightly colored flowers
B) Large petals
C) Strong fragrance
D) Long, exposed stamens
E) Nectar production
13. CAM plants open their stomata:
A) Only during the day
B) Only during the night
C) Constantly
D) During rainfall
E) When humidity is low
14. Which of the following is a defense adaptation in plants?
A) Stomatal closure
B) Leaf curling
C) Production of toxic chemicals
D) Loss of chlorophyll
E) Early seed germination
15. In arid environments, why do some plants have reduced or modified leaves?
A) To increase photosynthesis
B) To absorb more nutrients
C) To reduce water loss
D) To improve reproduction
E) To attract pollinators
16. Which of the following adaptations would you expect in a plant from a nutrient-poor environment?
A) High transpiration rate
B) Shallow root system
C) Mutualism with nitrogen-fixing bacteria
D) Few chloroplasts
E) Wide, flat leaves
17. What is a key adaptation in alpine (mountain) plants?
A) Deep water storage tissues
B) Fast growth and short life cycle
C) No leaves
D) Floating stems
E) Climbing tendrils
18. Sunken stomata are an adaptation for:
A) Promoting transpiration
B) Increasing gas exchange
C) Reducing water loss
D) Attracting insects
E) Enhancing growth in aquatic habitats
19. A plant growing in a shaded forest understory might adapt by:
A) Reducing chlorophyll
B) Growing bright flowers
C) Developing large, broad leaves
D) Closing stomata at night
E) Losing leaves in winter
20. What is the function of thick bark in some trees as an adaptation?
A) Nutrient absorption
B) Defense against fire and herbivores
C) Water conduction
D) Seed dispersal
E) Leaf attachment
- Questions on Angiosperms
- Questions on Gymnosperms
- Questions on Plant: Structure, Tissues and Growth
- Questions on Plant: Roots, Stems, Leaves, Flowers, and Fruits
Answer Key with Explanations
1. D – A thick cuticle minimizes water loss, common in desert plants.
2. C – Aerenchyma tissues help aquatic plants float.
3. D – Cacti store water in their thick, fleshy stems.
4. D – Tundra plants are low to the ground and have small leaves to resist cold.
5. C – Halophytes are adapted to salty environments.
6. C – Waxy coatings help xerophytes reduce water loss.
7. D – Drip tips allow water to run off quickly, preventing fungal growth.
8. C – Carnivorous plants compensate for poor soils by absorbing nutrients from prey.
9. D – Tendrils help climbing plants attach and grow upward.
10. D – Pneumatophores facilitate gas exchange in waterlogged mangrove soils.
11. C – Epiphytes grow on other plants for support, not nutrients.
12. D – Exposed stamens increase the chance of wind pollination.
13. B – CAM plants open stomata at night to conserve water.
14. C – Chemical defenses deter herbivores and pathogens.
15. C – Reduced leaves limit water loss in dry environments.
16. C – Mutualism with nitrogen-fixing bacteria helps in poor soils.
17. B – Alpine plants grow quickly during the short growing season.
18. C – Sunken stomata reduce water loss by trapping moist air.
19. C – Broad leaves capture more sunlight in shady conditions.
20. B – Thick bark provides physical protection and resists fire.
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