Questions on Gymnosperms
Multiple-Choice Questions: Gymnosperms
1. What is a key characteristic of gymnosperms?
A) Seeds enclosed in fruit
B) Production of spores only
C) Seeds exposed on cones or scales
D) Flowers for reproduction
E) Lacking vascular tissue
2. The reproductive structures of gymnosperms are:
A) Roots
B) Flowers
C) Cones
D) Fruits
E) Rhizoids
3. In gymnosperms, where are the seeds located?
A) Inside fruits
B) On the surface of scales
C) Inside ovaries
D) Within spores
E) Beneath the roots
4. Gymnosperms do not produce:
A) Seeds
B) Vascular tissue
C) Cones
D) Flowers
E) Pollen
5. Which of the following is not a gymnosperm?
A) Pine
B) Fir
C) Cycad
D) Oak
E) Ginkgo
6. Gymnosperms are part of which plant group?
A) Nonvascular plants
B) Algae
C) Seed plants
D) Ferns
E) Protists
7. What tissue type do gymnosperms use for water transport?
A) Phloem only
B) Spongy mesophyll
C) Xylem
D) Cambium
E) Parenchyma
8. Which plant is a living fossil gymnosperm?
A) Sequoia
B) Ginkgo biloba
C) Maple
D) Fern
E) Cactus
9. Gymnosperms reproduce using:
A) Spores only
B) Cones and seeds
C) Flowers and fruits
D) Water-dependent gametes
E) Rhizomes
10. Male cones produce:
A) Ovules
B) Pollen grains
C) Fruits
D) Seeds
E) Spores
11. Which group includes gymnosperms with palm-like leaves?
A) Conifers
B) Gnetophytes
C) Angiosperms
D) Cycads
E) Bryophytes
12. Gymnosperms are mostly:
A) Annual herbs
B) Aquatic
C) Herbaceous
D) Woody and perennial
E) Flowering shrubs
13. What advantage did gymnosperms have over ferns in evolution?
A) Vascular tissue
B) Seeds not requiring water for fertilization
C) Photosynthesis
D) Roots
E) Spore production
14. Which of the following gymnosperm groups has only one living species?
A) Cycads
B) Gnetophytes
C) Conifers
D) Ginkgo
E) Pines
15. Gymnosperm pollen is usually spread by:
A) Water
B) Insects
C) Birds
D) Wind
E) Mammals
16. In gymnosperms, the ovule develops into the:
A) Fruit
B) Leaf
C) Seed
D) Cone
E) Flower
17. Which part of the gymnosperm contains the female gametophyte?
A) Anther
B) Ovule
C) Pollen
D) Cone scale
E) Leaf
18. Which gymnosperm group includes plants like pine, spruce, and cedar?
A) Cycadophyta
B) Gnetophyta
C) Coniferophyta
D) Bryophyta
E) Anthophyta
19. Which structure protects the gymnosperm embryo?
A) Cone
B) Petal
C) Seed coat
D) Ovary
E) Rhizoid
20. Which of these is an adaptation seen in gymnosperm leaves?
A) Broad, flat leaves
B) Compound leaves
C) Needle-like leaves with waxy coating
D) Spongy tissues
E) No stomata
21. Which of the following is a difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms?
A) Gymnosperms produce fruit
B) Gymnosperms have no seeds
C) Gymnosperms do not flower
D) Gymnosperms have parallel leaf veins
E) Gymnosperms lack vascular tissue
22. The vascular tissue that conducts sugars in gymnosperms is:
A) Cambium
B) Parenchyma
C) Xylem
D) Phloem
E) Sclerenchyma
23. Which of the following best describes the gymnosperm life cycle?
A) Haploid-dominant
B) Diploid-dominant with seed formation
C) Alternation of generations with spore dominance
D) No alternation of generations
E) Triploid-dominant
24. The fertilization in gymnosperms occurs:
A) In water
B) Inside flowers
C) In ovules inside cones
D) In fruits
E) Outside the plant body
25. The primary ecological role of gymnosperms in modern ecosystems is:
A) Primary producers and habitat providers
B) Decomposers
C) Carnivores
D) Parasites
E) Algae competitors
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Answer Key with Explanations
1. C – Gymnosperm seeds are "naked" and not enclosed in fruits.
2. C – Cones are the reproductive organs of gymnosperms.
3. B – Seeds develop on the surface of cone scales.
4. D – Flowers are absent in gymnosperms.
5. D – Oak is an angiosperm.
6. C – Gymnosperms are seed plants.
7. C – Xylem transports water in vascular plants, including gymnosperms.
8. B – Ginkgo biloba is the only living species in its division.
9. B – Gymnosperms use cones and seeds for reproduction.
10. B – Male cones produce pollen grains.
11. D – Cycads have palm-like leaves and are gymnosperms.
12. D – Most gymnosperms are large, woody, and perennial.
13. B – Gymnosperms do not need water for fertilization, unlike ferns.
14. D – Ginkgo has only one living species.
15. D – Gymnosperm pollen is mostly wind-dispersed.
16. C – The ovule develops into the seed after fertilization.
17. B – The ovule houses the female gametophyte.
18. C – Coniferophyta includes pine, spruce, and cedar.
19. C – The seed coat protects the embryo.
20. C – Their leaves are adapted to prevent water loss.
21. C – Gymnosperms do not produce flowers; angiosperms do.
22. D – Phloem transports sugars.
23. B – The gymnosperm life cycle is dominated by the diploid sporophyte.
24. C – Fertilization occurs inside the ovule, within cones.
25. A – Gymnosperms are major producers and provide habitat.
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